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Acronyms Used in This Book

A

ABR Available bit rate
ACD Automatic call distribution
ACF Advanced communications function
ACL Access control list
ACR Allowed cell rate
ADPCM Adaptive differential pulse code modulation
ALF Application level framing
AMI Alternate mark inversion (coding)
ANI Automatic number identification
API Application programming Interface
APPN Advanced Peer-to-peer networking
ARP Address resolution protocol
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASNI American national standards Institute
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

B

BECN Backward explicit congestion notification
BER Bit Error Rate
BONDING Bandwidth on Demand Interoperability Group
BPS Bits per second
BPV Bipolar violations
BRI Basic rate Interface
BSA Basic service area
BSC Binary synchronous communications
BT Burst tolerance

C

CAD Computer-aided design
CASE Computer-aided software engineering
CBR Constant bit rate
CCITT International telephone and telegraph consultative committee
CCR Current Cell rate
CDMA Code division Multiple access
CDPD Cellular digital packet data
CD-rom Compact disk with read only memory
CDV Cell delay variance
CERT Computer emergency response team
CHAP Challenge-handshake authentication protocol
CI Congestion indication
CIAC Computer Incident advisory capacity
CIDR Classless interdomain
CIM Computer-integrated manufacturing
CIR Committed information rate
CISC Complex Instruction Set Computing
CIX Commercial internet eXchange
CLLM Consolidated link layer message
CLNP Connectionless network Protocol
CLNS Connectionless network service
CMIP Common management information protocol
CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
COM Component Object Model [Microsoft] Computer Output Microfilm
CONS Connection-oriented network service
COS Corporation for open systems
CPE Customer premises equipment
CPU Central processing unit
CRC Cyclic redundancy check
CSDC Circuit switched digital capability
CSF Critical success factor
CSMA/CD Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
CSU Channel service unit
CTI Computer Technology Integration
CTS Clear to Send

D

DACS Digital access and cross-connect system
DASD Direct access storage device
DCE Data communications equipment or data circuit-transmitting equipment, distributed computing environment
DDE Dynamic Data Exchange
DDS Dataphone Digital service; digital data service
DE Discarded eligibility (bit)
DES Data Encryption standard
DES Destination end station
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DLC Data link connection
DLCI Data link connection identifier
DLSw Data link switching
DME Distributed management environment
DNA Digital network Architecture
DNIC Data network identification code
DNS Domain naming system
DNS Domain Name System
DOS Disk operating system
DPA Demand priority access
DSE Data switching equipment
DSP Domain specific part, digital signal processing
DSU Data service unit
DTE Data terminal equipment
DTMF Dual tone multifrequency
DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
DXI Data exchange Interface

E

EDI Electronic data interface
EFCI Explicit forward congestion notification
EFT Electronic funds transfer
EGP Exterior gateway protocol
EIA Electronic industries association
EISA Extended industry standard architecture
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
EMPT Electromagnetic pulse transformer
ESMR Enhanced special mobile radio
ESP Encapsulating security payload

F

FCC Federal communication commission
FCS Frame check sequence
FCSI Fiber Channel Systems Initiative
FDDI Fiber distributed data interface
F-DX Full-DupleX
FECN Forward explicit congestion Notification
FEP Front end processor
FIPS Federal information processing standards
FM Frequency modulation
FMP Fault manager platform
FRAD Frame relay access device
FRAD Frame relay Assemble/disassembler
FT1 Fractional T1
FTAM File transfer, access, and management
FTP File transfer Protocol

G

GCRA Generic cell rate algorithm
GIF Graphics Interchange Format
GUI Graphical user interface

H

HDLC High-level data link control
HEO High elliptical orbiting (satellite)
HERF High energy radio frequency
HPOV Hewlett Packard’s OpenView
HPR High performance routing
HSSI High-speed serial interface
HTML Hypertext Markup language
HTTP Hypertext transfer protocol

I

IAB Internet Architecture Board
IAP Internet Access Provider
IC Information Channel
ICMP Internet control message protocol
IDNS Internet Domain name System
IDP Initial domain part
IEC Interexchange carrier (also IXC)
IEEE Institute of electrical and electronic engineers
IETF Internet engineering task force
IGMP Internet Group Multicast protocol
IP Internet protocol
IPX Internet Packet Exchange
IR Infrared
IS Information system
IS-IS Intermediate system to intermediate system
ISA Industry standard Architecture
ISDN Integrated services digital network
ISO International standards organization
ISP Internet service provider
ISP International Standards profile
IT Information Technology
ITU International telecommunications union (formerly CCITT)
ITU-TSS International telecommunications union-telecommunications standards sector
IVR Interactive voice response
IXC Interexchange carrier (also IEC)

J

JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Groups

L

LAN Local area network
LANE Local Area Network Emulsion
LAP Link access Procedure
LAPB Link access Procedure, balanced
LAPD Link access Procedure for the D channel
LAT Local areas transport
LATA Local access transport area
LEC Local exchange carrier
LED Light emitting diodes
LEO Low-earth orbit (satellite)
LLC Logical link control
LMI Local management interface
LU-LU Logical unit to logical unit

M

MAC Media access control
MAN Metropolitan area network
MAU Medium attachment unit, multistation access unit
MCC Mobile communications controller
MCU Multipoint control unit
MHS Message handling service
MHZ Megahertz
MIB Management information base
MIME Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions
MNP Microcom networking protocol
MOSFP Multicast Open Shortest Path First
MPOA Multiprotocol over ATM
MS-DOS Microsoft disk operating system
MTSO Mobile telephone switching office
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit
MUX Multiplexer
MVS Multiple Virtual storage
NBMA Nonbroadcast multiaccess network

N

NCP Network control program
NDIS Network driver interface specification
NETBIOS Network basic I/O
NFS Network File Server
NHRP Next hop resolution protocol
NIC Network information center, Network interface card
NID Network interconnection device
NIST National Institute of standards and technology
NLPID Network layer protocol identification
NLSP Network Link services protocol
NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol
NOS Network Operating system
NRZ Non-return to zero
NSAP Network Services access point
NTSC National television standards committee

O

OCn Optical carrier level n
ODI Open Data link Interface
OOP Object-oriented programming
OS Operating system
OSF Open software foundation
OSI Open software interconnection
OSPF Open shortest path first

P

PAD Packet assembler-disassembler
PAL Phase alternating by the line (European TV standard)
PAP Password authentication protocol
PBX Private branch exchange
PC Personal computer
PCM Pulse-code modulation
PCMCIA Personal computer memory card international association
PCN Personal computer network
PCR Peak cell rate
PCS Personal communication System (service)
PERL Practical extracting report Language
PGP Pretty Good Protection
PICS Protocol implementation conformance statement
PIM Protocol Independent Multicast
PIN Personal identification Number
PING Packet Internet Groper
PIR Protocol Independent routing
PNNI Private network-to-network interface
POP Point of presence
POSIX Portable operating system interface for UNIX
POTS Plain Old telephone service
PPP Point-to-point protocol
PPS Packets per second
PRI Primary Rate Interface
PSTN Public switched telephone network
PTT Postal telegraph and telephone
PVC Permanent virtual circuit

Q

QOS Quality of Service

R

RAID Redundant array of inexpensive disks
RAM Random access memory
RBOC Regional Bell operating company
RDB Relational Database
RF Radio frequency
RFC Request for comment
RFI Radio frequency interference
RIP Routing information protocol
RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computing
RM Resource management (cells)
RMON Remote Monitoring
RP Rendezvous Point
RSVP Reservation protocol
RTP Real time transport protocol

S

SAFER Split access flexible egress routing
SAP Service advertising protocol
SATAN Security Administrator Tool for Analyzing Networks
SCR Sustainable cell rate
SCSI Small computer systems interface
SDDN Software-defined digital network
SDLC Synchronous data link control
SDN Software defined network
SES Source end system
S-HTTP Secure hypertext transfer protocol
SIP Simple internet protocol
SLIP Serial-line IP
SMDS Switched multimegabit data service
SMP Symmetrical multiprocessing
SMTP Simple Mail transfer protocol
SNA Systems Network Architecture
SNACP Subnetwork access control protocol
SNADS SNA distributed service
SNAFS SNA file service
SNAP Subnetwork access protocol
SNICP Subnetwork independent convergence protocol
SNMP Simple network Management Protocol
SNPA Subnetwork Point of attachment
SNR Signal to Noise ratio
SONET Synchronous optical network
SPF Shortest path first
SPX Sequenced packet eXchange
SQL Structured query language
SR/TLB Source-route translation bridging
SRB Source-route bridging
SRT Source-route Transparent
SS7 Signaling system #7
SSA Serial Storage Architecture
SSL Secure sockets layer
STP Shielded Twisted pair
SVC Switched virtual circuits

T

TA Terminal adapter
TCL Tool Command language
TCP/IP Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol
TDM Time division multiplexing
TDMA Tike division multiple access
TIA Telecommunications Industry association
TIC Token Ring interface coupler
TLI Transport layer Interface
TMN Telecommunications management network
TSAP-ID Transport service access point notation
TTCN Tree and tabular combined notation
TUBA TCP/IP using bigger addresses

U

UBR Unspecified bit rate
UDP User datagram protocol
UNI User to Network Interface
UPS Uninterruptible Power supply
URI Universal Resource Identifier
URL Uniform Resource Locator
USB Universal serial bus
UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair

V

VAN Value-added network
VBR Variable Bit rate
VC Virtual channel
VCI Virtual channel identifier
VPI Virtual path identifier
VPN Virtual Private network
VSAT Very small aperture terminal
VTAM Virtual telecommunications access method

W

WAN Wide Area Network
WATS Wide Area Telephone Service
WWW World Wide Web

X

XNS Xerox Network Service
XON/XOFF Transmitter on/Transmitter off


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