ICMP est souvent considéré comme faisant partie de la couche IP. ICMP communique des messages (erreurs, modification, information). La commande ``ping'', qui permet de voir si une machine répond, utilise ICMP (echo).
64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0.1 ms
64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.1 ms
64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.1 ms
64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.1 ms
64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=0.1 ms
-- localhost.localdomain ping statistics --
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.1/0.1/0.1 ms